1

Early Stirrings

Perception torn from thinking.

13

The Intelligence of Perception (i)

Perception as cognition.

37

The Intelligence of Perception (ii)

Subtracting the context.

54

Two and Two Together

Relations depend on structure.

80

The Past in the Present

Forces acting on memory.

97

The Images of Thought

What are mental images like?

116

Concepts Take Shape

Abstract gestures..

135

Pictures, Symbols, and Signs

The functions of images.

153

What Abstraction Is Not

A harmful dichotomy.

153

What Abstraction Is

Types and containers.

188

With Feet on the Ground

Abstraction as withdrawal.

208

Thinking With Pure Shapes

Numbers reflect life.

226

Words in Their Place

Can one think in words?

254

Art and Thought

Thinking in children's drawings.

274

Models for Theory

Cosmological shapes.

294

Vision in Education

What is art for?

317

Notes

325

Bibliography

339

Index