1. Early Stirrings -------------------------------------------------------1
Perception torn from thinking.
2. The Intelligence of Perception (i) ------------------------------13
Perception as cognition.
3. The Intelligence of Perception (ii) -----------------------------37
Subtracting the context.
4. Two and Two Together ------------------------------------------54
Relations depend on structure.
5. The Past in the Present ------------------------------------------80
Forces acting on memory.
6. The Images of Thought ------------------------------------------97
What are mental images like?
7. Concepts Take Shape -------------------------------------------116
Abstract gestures..
8. Pictures, Symbols, and Signs ----------------------------------135
The functions of images.
9. What Abstraction Is Not ----------------------------------------153
A harmful dichotomy.
10. What Abstraction Is --------------------------------------------153
Types and containers.
11. With Feet on the Ground --------------------------------------188
Abstraction as withdrawal.
12. Thinking With Pure Shapes ----------------------------------208
Numbers reflect life.
13. Words in Their Place ------------------------------------------226
Can one think in words?
14. Art and Thought -----------------------------------------------254
Thinking in children's drawings.
15. Models for Theory ---------------------------------------------274
Cosmological shapes.
16. Vision in Education --------------------------------------------294
What is art for?
Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------317
Bibliography --------------------------------------------------------325
Index -----------------------------------------------------------------339